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Zero-knowledge- (zk)- Eli Ben-Sasson, who started the rollup tech company StarkWare, says that its new Recursive validity proofs could theoretically combine as many as 60 million Ethereum blockchain transactions into one.
The co-creator of zkSTARK said these things to Cointelegraph on Sunday at ETH Seoul, after announcing in a presentation that production of StarkWare's new Recursive validity proof technology had begun.
Ben-Sasson told Cointelegraph that recursive validity proofs could increase transaction throughput by at least a factor of ten compared to the standard Validium scaling. He also said that 600,000 mints of nonfungible tokens (NFTs) have already been made on the ImmutableX protocol.
"At the very least, I'd say 10x," he said. We've been putting 600,000 mints of NFTs, which led to 10 gas per mint. We can now take at least 10 of these kinds of proofs and make a recursive proof of all 10 of them," he said.
"At the very least, we could reach six million, and this is in the near future. That would be a very simple thing to do."
Ben-Sasson, however, said that the number could "go up to 60 million with more engineering and tweaking."
"I also think it's possible to cut latency by a factor of 5 to 10 times."
StarkNet is a layer-2 zk-Rollup without permission that uses Validium to scale transactions. Validiums work in the same way that standard zk-Rollups do: they combine thousands of transactions into a single transaction. With StarkNet's new Recursive validity proof technology, several Validium blocks can be put together into a single proof.
This scaling solution could be a game-changer for Ethereum because layer-2 scaling solutions like zk-Rollups and StarkNet's Recursive validity proofs can take care of a lot of the network congestion and data availability problems that have been a problem on the Ethereum mainnet. At the moment, Ethereum's mainnet can handle between 12 and 15 transactions per second (TPS).
Ben-Sasson said during his talk at ETH Seoul that recursion is good for scaling because it lowers gas costs, has a higher proof capacity, and has lower latency.
Starknet just turned on recursion for their production SHARP systems. Recursive proving can drastically decrease the amortized cost per transaction on L1, and introduces a secure STARK-based model for layer 3. It’s exciting to witness the profound scaling solutions rolling out.
— g.mirror.xyz 🪞🍎 (@strangechances) August 7, 2022
Since June 2020, StarkNet has been running on the Ethereum ainnet. It runs protocols like dYdX, Immutable, DeversiFi, and Celer right now.
Vitalik Buterin, the founder of Ethereum, also spoke at ETH Seoul on Sunday. He was excited about zk-Rollups and said that the scaling solution was better than Optimistic Rollups:
"In the long run, ZK-Rollups will beat Optimistic Rollups because they have fundamental advantages, like not needing a seven-day withdrawal period."
So far, Arbitrum, Optimism, dYdX, and Loopring are the Ethereum scaling solutions with the most total value locked (TVL).
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